Visited A’s house in the hills to the south of Krakow this weekend. Krakow and the surrounding towns and villages are served by a plethora of minibuses, coaches, charabangs, and lashed-together wheelbarrows powered by stolid peasants. Ok, the last one isn’t true. Nevertheless, it’s remarkable how many companies there are ferrying people backwards and forwards from obscure villages and towns to the metropolis that is central Krakow. Ten years ago I would have gone to town with slightly exaggerated tales of cages full of roosters and maiden aunts hauling bales of hay in their hand luggage, but, alas, it just isn’t true any more. You’re average commuter into Krakow these days has Reeboks, an mp3 player, pension worries, and only the very occasional hayseed between the teeth. How times change, and how quickly nostalgia blooms. I wish I could report that the central bus station is a crumbling, rogue-infested stack of late communist architecture like the one I remember fondly from my Warsaw days, but it ain’t. Not only that, but the actual crumbling, rogue-infested stack of fond memory was pulled down a couple of years ago to make way for a deeply unpleasant billowing object made of blue-tinted glass. Krakow’s central bus station is also disappointingly new and law-abiding. The only bright spot was a slightly inebriated toilet attendant who gave me a pitch-perfect disdainful scowl thereby brightening up my day no end.
The old rogue-infested model. Look, there’s one on the right in the dodgy leather jacket
The shiny new model. Rogues notable by their absence.
It’s about an hour of disappointingly smooth and well-signposted roads to A’s village. There’s a brief moment of excitement when you have to spot the church looming around the corner and alert the driver that one would quite like to get off please, and then you are decanted into the rural idyl of southern Poland. Giant semis laden with freshly loped spruce trees hurtle past in an imminent-death kind of way, extravagantly-chained dogs are momentarily ferocious for the sake of appearances, and mahogany-tanned tractor drivers stare with open wonderment . I troll my way down the immaculately paved road towards A’s house as late model BMW’s zip past, shouldering the occasional heroic Trabant into the verge. A’s house is set back about 100m from the road along with three or four others. None of them are more than 30 years old and most of them look brand new. Tucked into their back yards however are the original village houses from which this new world was spawned. They are long, single-storey timber structures with clay wattling and steeply pitched roofs, and they’re all empty. The vast majority of these things have been ruthlessly torn down in the past thirty years. Not that there’s anything surprising about that. Having built new houses with insulated walls, concrete floors, and more-or-less running hot and cold it wasn’t a major emotional wrench to turn the old hovels into cashable salvage. Of course, in about twenty years there’s going to be a massive outcry about where all the traditional rural architecture has gone but, for now, blue concrete roof tiles and pvc double glazing are hard to argue with. Imagine pulling down an eighteenth century timber-framed house in an English village to make way for a top of the line Barrat home. There would be national headlines. In Poland it happens everyday without the bat of an eyelid. Of course this would be the perfect time to buy up one of these little beauties, take it apart, and ship it to Wisconsin for a fat profit. Strangely this suggestion hasn’t met with any enthusiasm here so far.
The sunny valleys of southern Poland
The weekend kicked off with a double name-day party. Name days, for those of you who aren’t Catholic, are kind of like Birthdays but considerably more important, not to mention religious. Every day in the calendar is associated with a saint’s name and everyone in Poland, with a few sad exceptions, has a saint’s name. The day that is associated with your name is your name day. People here treat the name day with considerably more importance than they do a mere birthday. May I just add at this point that I performed with great distinction on A’s birthday by organizing an international delivery of roses, although it’s true that I failed to adequately read the name-day rules and am therefore temporarily dog-housed. As is the case with birthdays however, it is sometimes more convenient to pretend that they are actually on the weekend rather than, annoyingly, in the middle of the week. Hence the double-name day celebration of A and her mother – who is also an A, but a different one. The rose shop was closed, but that’s another story. I spent a highly entertaining evening eavesdropping on conversations about the sins of contraception and doing my performing seal routine in which I name random objects in perfectly pronounced Polish. Only once or twice did I have to step outside and perform a stranglehold maneuver on my rational-argument glands. There was a great deal of vodka in very small glasses and a lot of extremely hairy aunts from places I’ve never heard of, or possibly the other way around.
It’s a barn
Woke up bright and early on Sunday morning only to discover that my definition of ‘bright and early’ doesn’t seem to apply in these parts. A’s parents had been up so long they were already considering the possibility of putting on their pajamas and winding down in front of a good documentary about the life of John Paul II. He was born in the neighbourhood by the way. They had been to church, organized a couple of dozen hayfields into neat stacks, and put in a good couple of hours of vital village gossip before my sleepy eyes even had even begun to flutter. I was required to eat a hearty breakfast followed ten minutes later by a hearty Sunday lunch. A came in halfway through my breakfast, having been freshly absolved and fortified by the body of christ, and regarded me with not entirely unjustified disdain. Apparently there is some hidden element of holy communion that also disappears vodka hangovers, which explains a lot about Polish culture. I manufactured some story about being kept awake all night by mosquitos or errant cockerels and fell asleep on the balcony under the guise of sabbath contemplation. I realize I’m giving the impression that the whole setup is deeply religious, which it is, but nobody seems to mind the occasional raving atheist. Apparently the church has recently announced that non-Catholics can also go to heaven as long as they are good people, which is nice of them.
Early afternoon brought a fascinating encounter with A’s grandfather. Now 87, he has lived in the same few acres of blessed Polish soil his entire life and regards me as something akin to a direct encounter with an extraterrestrial. Having been born one year earlier than the late pope it has been his proud post for the last couple of years that he is still alive whereas the pope, clearly, isn’t. It’s quite normal for almost everything in these parts to be associated or in some way compared to the pope. Comments such as ‘we live about 200 km from where the pope was born’ or ‘that piece of halibut was good enough for the pope’ are commonplace.
However, I digress. A’s grandfather spent his entire life as an agricultural labourer and can tell you with unshakable certainty how many weeks of barley beating it took to earn the price of a pair of good shoes in 1947. Recently he has developed some variety of limb-shaking disease that has enabled him to invent a rich seam of conversation about how strong he used to be and how annoying it is to get old and not be able to haul several tons of millet around of a morning. I should mention also that he speaks a dialect of Polish so thick and obscure that A once caused a sensation at Krakow university by using a recording of him in a dissertation. It’s great sport for youngsters to pop round and listen to his funny pronunciations and incomprehensible idioms. We fell into conversation about the history of the land and who had built what and when. It was one of those conversations where family members find themselves saying ‘well, I never knew that’ and other family members reply with phrases such as ‘well, you never bloody asked did you!’ One thing led to another and I was dragged over to the barn to see grandfather’s prized collection of farming implements. There were several hairy moments as he tottered about reaching for viciously sharpened tools but we managed to avoid major loss of blood. This stuff was amazing. He had hand made scythes, rakes, and threshing devices dating back decades. The scythes were particularly amazing. Apparently the scythe was only introduced to the region in the 1930s! It was a major technological breakthrough in southern Poland 150 years after it had been abandoned everywhere else. These people were really poor. Grandfather was actually employed at one time to travel around the valley showing people how to use it, at which they almost certainly said ‘that’s great, but I’d have to sell my favourite cow to buy one.’ I insisted on a demonstration and coaching sessions on how to use a scythe and Grandfather’s eyes lit up. In fact he still uses his ‘good’ scythe everyday to cut grass to feed to the rabbits (pie filling) and set about the task with vigour. You can see his demonstration in the video below. It begins with an in depth discussion of the kind of wood you need to use for the handle (succinctly translated by A), then cuts to a classic whetstone-sharpening session. Notice how all trace of his shakes disappear as he whips the whetstone up and down the blade.




Dear Author,
I have just come across your texts and I must admit that they have made my day. It amazes me how observant and witty you are (and let me just mention the fact that they way you write makes me green with envy because I will never be able to produce anything of similar quality …).
1.As far as the grandfather is concerned, I find his dialect perfectly intelligible – those people at the university must have been a little dumb, sorry. However, his memory seems to be not in the perfect working order – the scythe was introduced into the land of my forefathers much earlier than the 1930s.
2.No doubt, the disappearance of the old wooden farm houses is a very sad phenomenon; however; the process was noticed long ago by a number of conservation people all over Poland and the best architectural specimens have already been taken apart and transported to open-air museums called skanseny. Certainly, we are only talking about a small percentage here but, still, it is something of an achievement. I suggest that you visit the skanseny in Zubrzyca or Nowy Sacz – they are both great places to spend a day in.
3.Last but not least, please, do not worry that the babcie may soon be gone. There is plenty of human material here that, with the help of time, can be turned into proper babcie. I am certainly going to be one of them one day if I live long enough.
Regards from Krakow
Jolanta
Jolanta: Thanks very much for the (surely undeserved) praise! Glad you enjoyed it.
If in 30 years time you see me making for a bus, go easy on me!
1. As far as I know it wasn’t the fact that people couldn’t understand the dialect that caused the sensation, it was just the fact that they found it extremely funny! He’s quite insistent that he had never seen or used a scythe before the 1930s, and that he used to teach others how to use them. Note that I am making a distinction between scythes and sickles. The area he comes from is quite hilly and forested – I wonder if there was a change from sheep rearing to wheat production at some point.
2. Thanks for the tip, maybe I will get around to seeing them some day. Still, it’s a shame that nobody will be living in these places in a couple of generations. In England there are still hundreds of traditional buildings like this that are now very expensive and desirable residences. Don’t get me wrong though, I think it’s entirely sensible to build a modern house in preference.
3. Extremely pleased to hear that you are aiming to ascend to the blessed ranks of the babcie
By the way, look out for my new ‘Krakow pub review’ feature coming soon – feel free to chip in.
Dear Author,
I hope you do not mind my using this somewhat old-fashioned salutation but, as I have decided to become a proper babcia in the future, I simply cannot stoop to using something as bizarre as a nick.
I am afraid I must reveal the true (?) extent of my academic knowledge now and enlighten you about the history of the scythe (kosa in Polish). Contrary to what the elderly gentleman says, the scythe was introduced here in the Middle Ages and by the end of the 16th century it had become popular in all parts of the country. Thanks to its versatile applications (e.g. as a weapon during peasant rebellions) its popularity steadily grew; in the second half of the 19th century is was as commonly used as the sickle. If you have a look at any of the portraits of Tadeusz Kosciuszko and the peasant troops who took part in his uprising (late 18th c.), you will notice that they all brandish scythes transformed into spears.
I am sorry if I have just destroyed a family myth or two. Perhaps the old man lives in such a tiny pocket of land that the modern civilisation had to slow down its progress there, for a few centuries at least?
By the way, I do regret that the wooden houses are disappearing from Polish towns and villages at such an alarming rate. If I had more money and time on my hands, I would try to save at least one. Things being as they are, I cannot save even my grandfather’s wooden house from imminent destruction. (If you want to see a pre-war Polish wooden town, or a Jewish shtetl for that matter, you should definitely go to Lanckorona; it has recently become commercialised, though).
I think that the situation in the UK is a little bit different because: 1) the old houses in England are mostly made of stone and they are likely to survive a few more centuries, hence they are a good investment 2) the English learnt to appreciate the value of old buildings a long time ago because, perhaps, they were never told to look down on old things who witnessed the past – especially the past connected with the rich peasantry, nobility or aristocracy – and that history is rubbish, and that the new man has to create a better (concrete) world for the working classes to live and multiply – sorry, I have to stop at that 3) the history of the English middle classes which have been investing in those quaint cottages in the country is a little longer that the history of the fledgeling middle class in Poland which prefers to invest in huge pseudo-mansions and high-tech gadgets 4) for a number of other reasons too.
Last but not least, I am afraid I will not be able to add any valuable comment to your pub reviews. When I have time, I go bird watching in my handkerchief garden, hang up some nest boxes, fill in the feeders, plant some trees in the local park (under the cover of darkness) or read on … the history of wooden architecture in Poland. When I eat out in a nice old-fashioned place one day, I will certainly let you know where it is.
Uszanowanie
Jolanta
PS. Beware of me in thirty years’ time!
[...] 9th, 2007 by island1 Some time ago in a post entitled Weekend in the Country I suggested that the scythe had been introduced to Poland in the 1930s and that this was rather [...]
Dear reader,
I am humbled by your erudition and have posted a full and frank retraction of my erroneous claims: http://batorego.wordpress.com/2007/11/09/the-kosa-controversy/
I’ll have to have another word with him and see what the hell he was talking about. But seriously, I wonder if it was re-introduced in his valley after a period of economic downturn or some other kind of upheaval, interesting.
I’ve been advised to go to Lanckorona before, it’s very close to A’s home town. Maybe one day, sounds fascinating.
Unfortunately I don’t hold out much hope for your elevation to the ranks of the babcie, you are far too polite. Get yourself a walking stick and practice whacking innocent bystanders on the shins while making rude comments about their dress sense and morals.
Planting trees under cover of darkness? Hmm, where was this?
Dear Author,
There is no need to be humbled, frankly, I wish my students appreciated my ‘insight’ as you seem to do.
Unfortunately, I cannot say where I have been planting trees and shrubs for quite a while (with limited success) because I do not want to reveal my exact whereabouts; I simply cannot afford to be caught red-handed by some English-speaking local council officers who are in favour of razing the park more-or-less to the ground for the so-called safety reasons.
I have been thinking about the re-introduction of the scythe to the area where the grandfather lives and I must say that, somehow, the idea does not sound particularly plausible. I am not an expert on agriculture but as far as I know farm implements were handed down from father to son so something as valuable and useful as a scythe must have been cherished by the poor peasant; I do not think it could have been completely forgotte. Of course, one cannot be sure.
Please, do not bother to question the old gentleman again; perhaps the whole problem stems from the faulty translation.
Uszanowanie
Jolanta
Jolanta: The plot thickens. Somewhere out there is a woman in a balaclava desperately planting shrubs under the cover of darkness. Her mission is of critical importance and discussing it here can only bring unwanted attention from the ever-watchful authorities that plague our lives.
On the handed-down kosa point: grandfather is showing us an instrument that he made himself, indeed he goes into detail about the kind of wood that you need to choose for a good handle. He had lots of other tools (graba? sorry I have no idea how to spell it) that he made himself, but none that had been handed down from previous generations. Hmmm…